FREQUENCY OF SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS IN PATIENTS WITH NEPHROTIC SYNDROME

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome is defined by edema, proteinuria of more than 3.5 g in 24 hours and hypoalbuminemia
of less than 30 g/l. The loss of plasma proteins in the urine causes complications of NS as a direct result of the changing
protein concentrations in the plasma or as a secondary result of altered cellular function. Urinary loss of small molecular
proteins such as immunoglobulin G fractions, factor I, and factor B may alter opsonization, phagocytosis and killing of
bacteria and result in defective humoral and nonspecific immunity. Infectious complications are common in nephrotic
syndrome (NS), especially spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and occurs within first 2 years of onset of disease.SBP
is the infection of ascitic fluid that occurs in the absence of a visceral perforation, intra abdominal inflammatory foc