PATTERN OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE IN 0 TO 28 DAYS INFANTS OF DIABETIC MOTHERS

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the frequency of patterns of congenital heart disease in 0 to 28 days infants of diabetic mothers.

Study design: Cross Sectional Study

Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at the department of pediatrics, Mardan Medical Complex Mardan from 10^th October 2022 to 10^th April 2023.

Methods: A total of 152 neonates born to diabetic mothers and reported with congenital heart disease were included in the study. All neonates were sent to department of pediatric cardiology for echocardiographic evaluation. Data regarding patterns of congenital heart disease was recoded. Descriptive analysis was done by applying frequency and percentages.

Results: The Mean±SD of age in this study was 7.934±3.53 days with an age range of 0 to 28 days. Male patients were 61.8% while females were 38.2%. Patent ducts arteriosus was the commonest congenital heart disease 49 (32.2%) followed by Patent foramen ovale 44 (28.9%), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 21 (13.8%) and atrial septal defect 16 (10.5%), ventricular septal defect 10 (6.58%), transposition of great arteries 7 (6.50%) and tetralogy of fallot 5 (3.28%).

Conclusion: Patent ducts arteriosus was the commonest pattern of congenital heart disease followed by patent foramen ovale, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, atrial septal defect and others in infants of diabetic mother. Postnatal echocardiography screening programs for CHD for early diagnosis and management can help to reduce morbidity and mortality in these infants.